CCNA Labs

Friday, May 15, 2015

Lab 27 Routing between Access layer and Distribution Layer

Objective

To configure VLAN routing for a layer 3 switch.

Topology

Setting

PC0 and PC2 ar in VLAN1, and PC1 and PC3 are in VLAN2.
Gig1/1 on every access layer is connected to distribution layer.
Distribution layer switch has routing function
IPs for computers have been set up.

Requirments

Configure the link between switches as trunk
Configure distribution layer switch to enable routing between VLAN1 and VLAN2.

Steps

On Switch1

Switch>en
Switch#confi t
Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#int fastEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch(config)#int gigabitEthernet 1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#

On Switch2

On Switch0

Switch>en
Switch#confi t
Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Switch(config)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/2
Switch(config)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config)#interface vlan 1
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no sh
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no sh
Switch(config-if)#

On PC3, ping PC0

PC>ping 192.168.0.2
Pinging 192.168.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=19ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=18ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 15ms, Maximum = 19ms, Average = 17ms
PC>

Lab 26 Routing For VLANs In A Building

Objective

Configure trunk to achieve routing among VLANs

Topology

Setting

For better safety and easy troubleshooting, 4 VLANS are set up based on departments. The VLAN 4 is used for servers, and all servers have 1000M Ethernet interface.
IPs for computers have been set up, and the gateway for each network segment is the first available IP.

Requirments

Three VLANs should be created on 3 access layer switches, and assign ports to VLANs as shown in the figure.
Configre trunk between distribution and access switches
Configure Routing between VLANs

Steps

On Switch7

Switch>en
Switch#config t
Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config-vlan)#ex
Switch(config)#vlan 3
Switch(config-vlan)#ex
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#ex
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 2/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3
Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 6/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

On Switch2

Switch>en
Switch#config t
Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config-vlan)#ex
Switch(config)#vlan 3
Switch(config-vlan)#ex
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#ex
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 2/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3
Switch(config-if)#ex
Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 6/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

On Switch1

Switch>en
Switch#config t
Switch(config)#vlan 3
Switch(config-vlan)#ex
Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#ex
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 4
Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 4
Switch(config-if)#ex

Set up VLAN interface for routing

Switch(config)#interface vlan 1
Switch(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0
Switch(config-if)#no shut
Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 172.17.0.1 255.255.0.0
Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 3
Switch(config-if)#ip address 172.18.0.1 255.255.0.0
Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 4
Switch(config-if)#ip address 172.19.0.1 255.255.0.0
Switch(config-if)#ex

Test

VLAN4 PC pings VLAN1 PC.

SERVER>ping 172.16.0.2

Pinging 172.16.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 172.16.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms

SERVER>

VLAN4 PC pings VLAN2 PC.

SERVER>ping 172.17.0.2

Pinging 172.17.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.17.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.17.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.17.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.17.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 172.17.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

VLAN4 PC ping VLAN3 PC.

SERVER>ping 172.18.0.2

Pinging 172.18.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.18.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.18.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.18.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 172.18.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 172.18.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Lab 25 VTP

Objective

To learn how to configure VTP domain on switches
To understand the function of VTP domain.

Topology

Setting

PC0 and PC2 are in VLAN1, and PC1 and PC3 are in VLAN2.
The two Gig1/1 ports on access layer switches are connected to the distribution layer switch.
The distribution layer switch has routing function.
IPs for computers have been configured.

Requirements

Configure a VTP Domain
Configure VTP Clients
Configure the VTP server
Configure VTP password

Steps

On Switch1

Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#vtp domain office1
Changing VTP domain name from NULL to office1
Switch(config)#vtp password aaa
Switch(config)#vtp mode client
Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.
Switch(config)#

On Switch2

Switch#confi t
Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config)#vtp domain office1
Changing VTP domain name from NULL to office1
Switch(config)#vtp mode client
Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.
Switch(config)#vtp password aaa
Setting device VLAN database password to aaa
Switch(config) #

On Switch0

Switch#confi t
Switch(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config)#vtp domain office1
Changing VTP domain name from NULL to office1
Switch(config)#vtp password aaa
Switch(config)#vtp mode server
Device mode already VTP SERVER.
Switch(config)#

Test VTP

On Switch0

Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#vlan 3
Switch(config-vlan)#

On Switch

Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
Gig1/2
2 VLAN0002 active
3 VLAN0003 active
1002 fddi-default active
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active

Lab 24 Spanning Tree

Objective

To understand spanning tree protocol11

Topology

Basic Setting

This is a LAN for a building, and two distribution layer switches are used for redundancy.

Requirements

Check current root bridge
Manually assign root switch.

Steps

On Switch10

Switch#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address 0002.4A63.C9B6
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 0002.4A63.C9B6
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa1/1 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p
Fa2/1 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Gi5/1 Desg FWD 4 128.6 P2p
Gi6/1 Desg FWD 4 128.7 P2p
Gi7/1 Desg FWD 4 128.8 P2p
Gi8/1 Desg FWD 4 128.9 P2p
Switch#

On Switch11

Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 priority 4096

Check network status again

On Switch11

Switch#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 4097
Address 00E0.F780.208C
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 4097 (priority 4096 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 00E0.F780.208C
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Gi8/1 Desg FWD 4 128.9 P2p
Gi7/1 Desg FWD 4 128.8 P2p
Gi6/1 Desg FWD 4 128.7 P2p
Gi5/1 Desg FWD 4 128.6 P2p
Switch#

Lab 23 Layer 3 switch

Objective

To configure routing between VLANS on a layer 3 switch

Topology

Basic setting

Layer 3 switch

Requirments

Configure routing between VLANs
Set Fa0/2 to VLAN2
Set up VLAN1
Set up VLAN2

Steps

ON Multilayer Switch0

Switch(config)#ip routing // enable routing
Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#interface vlan 1
Switch(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
Switch(config-if)#int vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 11.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

On PC1, test connectivity to PC0

PC>ping 10.0.0.2
Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=127
Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=127
Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=5ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 5ms, Maximum = 10ms, Average = 7ms
PC>

Lab 22 Routing between Vlans

Objective

To configure routing between VLANs

Topology

Basic setting

PC0 is connected to Fa0/1 on the switch
PC1 is connected to Fa0/2 on the switch
IPs have been set up
The router's Fa0/0 is connected to Fa0/10 on the switch , and the Fa0/10 on the switch is in VLAN 1.
The router's Fa1/0 is connected to Fa0/4 on switch, and the Fa0/4 on the switch is in VLAN 2.

Requirments

Configure the router's F0/0 with the Ip 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Configure the router's F1/0 with the Ip 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Con figure the PC1 with IP 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 and the default gateway 192.168.1.1

Steps

On PC1

On the Router0

Router>en
Router#confi t
Router(config)#int fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no sh
Router(config-if)#int f1/0
Router(config-if)#ip add
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no sh

PC1 pings PC0

PC>ping 192.168.0.2
Pinging 192.168.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=16ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=16ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 16ms, Maximum = 17ms, Average = 16ms
PC>

Thursday, May 14, 2015

Lab 21 Check Mac Table

Objective

To understand the mapping between MACs and ports

Topology

Basic Setting

A HUB and a switch are connected in IP segment of 192.168.0.0/24 and IPs for computers are assigned by DHCP.

Requirement

Check Mac table on the switch.

Steps

On Switch0

Switch#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
: Mac table is empty.At the beginning, the switch does not have the mapping between ports and MACs.

On PC2

PC>ping 192.168.0.11
Pinging 192.168.0.11 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.11:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 8ms, Maximum = 9ms, Average = 8ms

PC>ping 192.168.0.12
Pinging 192.168.0.12 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.12: bytes=32 time=7ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.12: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.12: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.12: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.12:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 7ms, Maximum = 10ms, Average = 8ms

PC>ping 192.168.0.13
Pinging 192.168.0.13 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=21ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=128
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.13:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 9ms, Maximum = 21ms, Average = 12ms

PC>ping 192.168.0.14
Pinging 192.168.0.14 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.14: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.14: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.14: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.14: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.14:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 10ms, Maximum = 20ms, Average = 13ms
PC>
After these pings, the switch learnt the MACs.
Check MAC table again on the Switch0
Switch#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0000.0c7c.7e49 DYNAMIC Fa0/1
1 0001.63c6.e338 DYNAMIC Fa0/5
1 0030.a336.362b DYNAMIC Fa0/4
1 0030.a3e4.e4c6 DYNAMIC Fa0/4
1 0090.0cd7.65c8 DYNAMIC Fa0/2
1 00d0.ffce.0eb4 DYNAMIC Fa0/3
Note: you can find that Fa02/4 has 2 MACs, because this port is connected to a HUB which is connected to 2 PCs.

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